Health systems are complex and health organisations are often structured and operate in ways that make access to vaccination services difficult and inequitable for some marginalized populations. In addition, professionals may not be equipped to identify and address the cultural and social needs of these groups of people. The concept of vaccine literacy (VL) emphasizes that VL is not simply knowledge of vaccines, but also development of a less complex health system for communicating and offering vaccines as a conditions of a functioning health system (Ratzan, 2011). Newly arrived migrants (NAM) and people living in prisons (PLP) are two populations with overall low vaccination rates compared to the general population. Efforts to change this situation must emphasize activities not only geared toward increasing individual vaccine literacy, but more importantly supporting the system to become more vaccine literate. The general aim of the “Access to Vaccination for Newly Arrived Migrants -AcToVax4NAM” project is to improve the responsiveness of health systems in terms of vaccination literacy, making the conditions for access to vaccinations more equitable and guaranteed. Similarly, the “Reaching the hard-to-reach: increasing access and vaccine uptake among the prison population in Europe -RISE-Vac” aims to improve the health of people living in prisons in Europe by promoting staff and prisoners’ VL, enhancing vaccine offer and increasing vaccine uptake. During the workshop, AcToVax4NAM and RISE-Vac will discuss strategies and tools developed within these two EU co-funded projects (3rd EU Health Programme) to address vaccine literacy at the organizational and individual level for the particular target groups. The core parts of the workshop will comprise: 1.Presentation of the concept of organisational and individual VL (10 minutes – Maurizio M.Marceca/Maria Laura Russo / Babak Moazen) 2.Sharing experiences on construction of strategies and tools to increase organizational and individual VL for newly arrived migrants and people living in prison: case studies from two European project (20 minutes – Pania Karnaki/ Igor Aloise/ Lara Tavoschi.) 3.Discussion based on 3 pre-defined questions directed to the speakers and a Q/A session involving the audience (30 minutes – Guglielmo Bonaccorsi/ Silvia Declich/Maurizio Marceca/Lara Tavoschi) Specific Aims/Objectives and Component Parts * To increase the capacity and knowledge of delegates as to the importance of VL responsiveness * To present the latest information about vaccination coverage of PLP and NAM at European level * To present innovative approaches to address organisational and individual VL as developed within the EU co-funded AcToVax4NAM and the RISE-Vac projects. * To encourage discussion and dynamic exchange of opinions about the role of organisational and individual VL among the workshop participants Key Questions To Address * How does organisational and individual vaccination literacy impact on the vaccination coverage of the target populations? * Which strategies and tools can be effective for increasing individual and organisational vaccination literacy? * What synergies can be built, and between which stakeholders, to promote organisational and individual vaccination literacy? * What lessons are learnt from the COVID-19 pandemic on how to promote organizational vaccine literacy and what is their potential for transferability?