Toxoplasma gondii, the etiological agent of toxoplasmosis, is described as a potential cause of abortion in goats, causing major economic impacts. For public health, the consumption of animal foods can be a source of transmission of T. gondii. The objective of this work was to estimate the prevalence of goats infected by T. gondii, in different cities from Espírito Santo state, Brazil, and identify the infection risk factors. Immunoglobulins of the IgG Class was evaluated by the Indirect Immunofluorescence Reaction. The presence of IgG anti-T. gondii was 46.6% (68/146). The risk factors observed were female sex (OR= 2.81 95%CI 1.03 - 7.61), age group over two years old (OR= 3.5 95%CI 1.21 - 10.1), water from the public supply network (OR= 7.92 95%CI 1.77 - 35.47), storage of food and supplies in an open and unprotected place (OR= 11.13 95%CI 3.77 - 32.8) and presence of a domestic cat on the property (OR= 8.1 95%CI 2.65 - 24.71). The study found that goats domiciled in Espírito Santo, Brazil had a high prevalence of infection and there are risk factors that can trigger T. gondii infection in goat herds. This is the first seroepidemiology study of caprine toxoplasmosis conducted in the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil, and emphasizes the public health importance of food as a source of infection in humans. By identifying failures in animal management, it is possible to implement strategies to reduce infection rates. Control and prevention measures can reduce the sources of infection in herds and, consequently, provide safer animal products for human consumption.