Background and Objective: Regular physical exercise lowers the risk of all-cause mortality and of various chronic diseases. Sedentary lifestyles are very common among college students. Individuals who do not engage in sufficient levels of physical activity at this age are at high risk of persisting in this behavior for the rest of their adult lives. New technologies, such as smartphones and social media, have been used successfully as health promotion tools in college populations. The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review of studies examining the effectiveness of interventions that used modern technologies to promote physical activity in college students, and to propose a protocol for such interventions based on the evidence emerging from the review. Methods: A systematic review was conducted on the PubMed and SCOPUS databases, considering studies published from 2012 to 2022 that aimed to assess the effectiveness of interventions to promote physical activities for college students using modern technologies. For a total of 19 articles selected, an evidence table was drawn up, and the quality of the studies was assessed using the PRISMA checklist. Results: The interventions differed enormously in design, the strategies implemented and the types of outcome measure considered. Fifteen (79%) of the 19 studies reviewed demonstrated an improvement in participants’ physical activity levels, while three studies (16%) found no such improvement, and a worsening of the baseline activity levels was reported in one study (5%). Conclusions: Interventions to improve college students’ physical activity levels with the aid of modern technology tend to be effective. Many factors can influence the effectiveness of such interventions, however. For example, a gender-related difference emerged in students’ participation in the studies reviewed, and the interventions proved more effective if they were accompanied by the creation of social groups.