Introduction:
A prevalence study of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and antibiotic use was conducted at Humanitas Mater Domini Clinical Institute on 04/26/2022. The study can be used as a monitoring’s tool for both antibiotics’ use and prevention and control of HAIs.

Materials:
The study, used “Patient Questionnaire-Sheet A. EUROPEAN PREVALENCE STUDY ON ICA AND ANTIBIOTIC USE IN ACUTE HOSPITALS” by European Center for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Patients present in all departments at or before 8 a.m. and not discharged at the time of the survey were recruited and patients in day hospital and day-surgery, patients seen as outpatients, and patients in the emergency department present for less than 24 hours were excluded. We collected Data on risk factors for each eligible patient, care-related infections and antibiotic use.

Results:
The study involved 103 Patients of whom 58(56%) were eligible. The Distribution was: 65% medical area, 27.5% surgical,7.5% intensive care. 98% of patients had a peripheral vascular catheter; 52% a urinary catheter; 3% a central venous catheter; 2% of patients intubated. 26% of the sample had an infection (respiratory 45%, urinary 33% bacteremia 22%); responsible pathogens: Pseudomonas aeruginosa 42%. Escherichia coli 33%, Klebsiella pneumoniae 16.6%. 62% of patients was undergoing an antibiotic therapy (prophylactic use 64%, therapeutic 26% , indeterminate 10%). More frequently prescribed Antibiotics: Cefazolin 60%, Ceftriaxone 20%, Piperacillin 7.5%, Meropenem 3%, Vaborem 0.3%, Linezolid 0.2%, Metrodinazole 9%.

Conclusions:
The data collected allowed the identification of problems and priorities for intervention, to promote and strengthen skills, provide new recommendations and strategies for the management of HAIs, and to increase the focus on antibiotics’ use to meet the criteria of cost-benefit, optimization of therapies, and eradicate the antibiotics’ resistance.