Adolescents are considered one of society’s vulnerable groups, and are exposed to different types of social and health problems, among which violence stands out.1 Sexual violence (SV) stands out as one of the main forms of aggression against teenager. SV is defined as “any action in which a person, taking advantage of his position of power and making use of physical force, coercion, intimidation or psychological influence, with or without the use of weapons or drugs, compels another person - any sex - to have, witness, or otherwise participate in sexual interactions.” The study analyzes data on sexual violence against adolescents using the 2019 National School Health Survey. Objectives To analyze the prevalence of sexual violence among students between 13 and 17 years old in Brazil. methods Cross-sectional study with data from National Survey of School Health 2019. It was analyzed the prevalence and respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) of sexual abuse and rape involving students from 13 to 17 years old of Brazil, according to sex, age groups, school type, aggressor, administrative region of residence and federative units. Results: The prevalence of sexual abuse among students was 14.6% (95%CI: 14.2;15.1) and of rape was 6.3% (95%CI: 6.0;6.6). The prevalence was higher among the female students and of the age group of 16 and 17 years old. The most common aggressor was a intimate partner. Among schoolchildren who were raped, more than half reported to have experienced this violence before the age 13 years old (53.2%; 95%CI: 51.0;55.4). Conclusions: The sexual violence has a elevated prevalence among the Brazilian students between 13 and 17 years old. Besides, the aggressions were perpetrated, overall, by people in the family nucleus and intimate and affectionate relationships. There must be intersectoral articulation to develop public policies that act to face this problem.