Background and Objective: Tinnitus is an auditory symptom characterized by the perception of a sound without an external sound source. The literature shows a prevalence from 10-15% in the general population and a relation with the occurrence of insomnia, depression, substance addiction and suicidal ideation, among other health conditions. Due to its high prevalence and negative impact on the quality of life, tinnitus can be considered as a public health issue. The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence and characterize the health profile, and tinnitus complaint, of the adult and elderly population of a health district in a large Brazilian city. Methods: An in-service survey was conducted in all primary health centers in the district with a random approach to the adult and elderly population. The sample consisted of 1720 people and the data collection included a questionnaire about general health and tinnitus. Three regression models were performed according to the variables and a 5% significance level was adopted for the statistical analysis. Results: 1569 people answered the questionnaire, with 496 reporting tinnitus, which represented a prevalence of 31.6%. Most of the sample was female, had at least one chronic disease and made continuous use of some medication. The regression models showed a higher chance of tinnitus with advancing age and with the occurrence of diabetes and hormone disorder. Conclusions: Tinnitus is related to the occurrence of chronic diseases and advancing age, may cause discomfort and is a reason for seeking treatment. Therefore, it needs to be considered in the health services and the quality of life of these people must be guaranteed by the health professionals.