Background: This study focused on the assessment of the potential risks of PM 2.5 and silica contaminants exposures on the ecology and communities due to contaminated air inhalation and water consumption around Bosowa cement plant Maros Regency, Indonesia.  Methods: The magnitude of PM 2.5 and silica were measured during the period of April-May 2022. The level of PM 2.5 on ambient air sampling was conducted using direct reading HAZ-Dust EPAM 5000, uses a laser analyzer in order to measure particulate level matter. Then sample on air for PM2.5, and silica in water and soil data were used in the form of univariate and bivariate and multivariate analysis using chi square test. PM2.5 and silica levels were determined in samples using graphite furnace and cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry.             Results: High concentration of PM 2.5 in ambient air were  99.13 and 87.30 μg/m3 where as the high concentration of Silica in well water were station 12 and station 10 with 13.28 and 13.23 mg/l, then in river water with 26.56 and 24.13 mg/l and  on surface soil on station 10 and 11 with 159.90 and 154.88 mg/gr, respectively. The potential both ecological and human health risks posed by PM 2,5 in air and silica on all those sites environment were exceed standard and at risks for health.  The total carcinogenic risks due to PM 2.5 and silica were within the non acceptable range risks for communities. The potential ecological risks of PM 2.5 and silica where the highest risks value were in surface soil with 10.15 then followed by on air particulate with 9.13 and river water 9.06, respectively. Then highest value of EWI in PM 2.5 was 0.09 and lowest was in 0.01, while the highest value Silica in well water was (0.96).