Background and Objective: The Mediterranean Diet (MD) is a universal model of nutrition based on the balanced intake of micro and macronutrients which, in synergy with regular physical activity, can prevent metabolic, cardiovascular and oncological diseases and promoting longevity. Although numerous promotion campaigns, MD isn’t adequately valued. The Objective of this study was to analyze the adherence to MD of amateur athletes [1] in the Metropolitan Area of Palermo. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2020 and 2021 in the metropolitan Area of Palermo. An anonymous questionnaire previously validated and approved by the Ethical Committee of the University Hospital of Palermo, was administered through both paper and mobile devices, in 10 Palermo Sports Centers (Gyms, Swimming Pools, Tennis or Padel Clubs, etc…). The questionnaire was divided in 5 sections and 74 items (general information, physical activity, eating habits, adherence to MD, knowledge of correct eating habits). Results: 337 subjects replied to the questionnaire, 57.3% were under or equal to 40 years of age, 73% had normal weight, 57.9% reported knowing MD and 82.8% were busy working. Only 42.1% of the sample adhere to the main principles of MD. Multivariable analysis showed that adhere more to MD non-employed athletes [Adj-OR 2.15(1.05 - 4.41)] and those who better known MD [Adj-OR 11.9(6.55 -21.61)]. Conclusions: Based on the analysis conducted, the knowledge of MD represents a key factor to follow it better. The data reported on better adherence on non-employed athletes could be related to having for preparing healthier meals. In future Public Health Authorities should favour the accessibility to principles of MD based meals on workplaces and the formation, already since the school age, about MD to make it clear how a healthy diet combined with regular physical activity is necessary to a better quality of life. Links: ------[1] https://context.reverso.net/traduzione/inglese-italiano/athletes