Incidence rates of gonococcal disease in a tertiary level hospital in madrid (spain) between 2019 and 2022
 
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Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón Spain
 
 
Publication date: 2023-04-26
 
 
Popul. Med. 2023;5(Supplement):A304
 
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives:
Gonococcal infection is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium _Neisseria gonorrhoeae_, whose incidence has been increasing since the beginning of the century. Gonococcal infection can lead to serious complications such as pelvic inflammatory disease in women and orchitis in men. Given its importance at the Public Health level, the World Health Organization has included the control of this disease in the global strategies of the health sector for 2022-2030. The main objective of this study is to analyze the incidence rate of _N. gonorrhoeae_ reinfections and coinfections with _Chlamydia trachomatis_ declared by a tertiary level hospital in the Community of Madrid since 2019.

Methods:
This is a descriptive study of the declared cases of _N. gonorrhoeae_ from January 1, 2019 to November 18, 2022. The rate of reinfections in a period of 1 year and the incidence rate of coinfections with _C. trachomatis_ each year are calculated.

Results:
There were 136 new _N. gonorrhoeae_ infections in 2019, 93 in 2020, 228 in 2021 and 271 in 2022. The incidence rate of reinfections was 2.22% in 2020, 2.73% in 2021 and 4.35% in 2022. The incidence rate of coinfections with _C. trachomatis_ has been 28.1% in 2019, 24.44% in 2020, 27.27% in 2021 and 25.56% in 2022.

Conclusions:
The incidence rate of N. _gonorrhoeae_ reinfections in a tertiary hospital has been increasing. The rate of co-infections with _C. trachomatis_ has maintained levels, although there has been a significant decrease in incidence in 2020, which can be explained by the COVID-19 pandemic (decrease in social interaction, reduction of screening programs, closure of health resources, etc.). The decrease in the incidence rate of coinfections in 2022 can be explained by the sample size of this year, which only includes until mid-November.

ISSN:2654-1459
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