Background and Aim:
Covid-19 pandemic affected people’s health in different ways. Our study aimed to investigate the impact of containment measures in a sample of Italian adolescents, two years after the beginning of the pandemic.

Methods:
In collaboration with the Territorial School Office, we submitted an online survey to high school students in the province of Brescia (Northern Italy), investigating their change in food consumption habits and in physical and screen activities, sleep quality, psychological distress and smartphone addiction. The Smartphone Addiction Scale - Short Version and the Matthey Generic Mood Questionnaire were also part of the survey.

Results:
We collected 1686 questionnaires, 48% male, 52% female, mean age 16 ± 1.5 y. Among respondents, 63% did not perceive a substantial change in their diet, 48% improved their physical activity level, 38% declared an increase in body weight, and 26% reported that they had improved their eating habits, while only 11% reported that these had worsened. Half of participants showed a presence of a psychological distress and 46% were smartphone addicted. Compared to pre-pandemic period, time spent on digital device increased a lot especially for studying purposes (54%) compared to entertainment (28%) or boredom (30%). The psychological distress was significantly higher only in case of increased time spent on digital device for studying purposes (56% vs 37% who declared unchanged time, p<0.0001). According to a multivariate logistic analysis presence of a psychological distress was associated with female gender (OR 4.5, p<0.0001), age (OR 1.1, p=0.001), sleep duration < 8hours (OR 1.8, p<0.0001), and smartphone addiction (OR 1.4, p=0.005).

Conclusions:
The findings highlighted slight changes in lifestyle behaviour, but a relevant presence of psychological distress and smartphone addiction. There is a need to understand how to promote good practices among young people, helping them to stay healthy after the COVID-19 pandemic.