The development of American capitalism facilitated the dominance of a bioessentialist paradigm in public health research. This has resulted in a systematic individualization of health problems that is financially beneficial for the corporate leaders and funders in health research- exacerbating health inequity and degrading research ethics and scientific integrity. The US has the highest rate of infant mortality of the OECD countries. This study investigates the link between capitalism and infant mortality in this context. There has not yet been a systematic analysis of the effect of capitalism on infant mortality research Methodology and how both affect infant mortality. Mixed-method synthesis of 40 studies was conducted to study infant mortality in the US and countries with lower wealth stratification. Thematic analysis of infant mortality calls to action/initiatives from the UN, WHO, and other major centers/organizations was conducted to understand the academic predispositions guiding infant mortality research methodology. Conflict-theoretical and critical-theoretical frameworks were used to guide investigation. Infant mortality is significantly higher in countries with higher levels of wealth stratification. Research attitudes attributing infant mortality to the individual behavior of the mother rather than social factors was also higher in countries with higher wealth stratification. Capitalism is increasingly becoming a determinant of both health and knowledge. This research is important to guide future inquiry into how power affects the nature of public health epistemologies, and subsequently population health. New avenues of research could study how capitalism affects the outcomes and epistemologies of other diseases, such as mental illnesses.