Objectives: To analyze the association between the implementation of the national suicide prevention program (NSPP) and mortality from this cause in Chile. Methods: An exploratory longitudinal observational analytical study was carried out. Indicators regarding its implementation were requested from all the country’s regional government agencies in charge of the NSPP, and the statistical association between the decrease in suicide mortality and its degree of implementation was analyzed, comparing mortality in the six years prior to the program with the subsequent six years. Results: Chile experienced a statistically significant decrease in the suicide mortality rate after starting the NSPP (from 13.98 to 11.58 per 100000 inhabitants older than 10 years), however, it could not be correlated with the implementation of the program (r =0.18; p=0.52), probably because most of the NSPP components failed to be fully installed (average national implementation of 36.61%). Conclusions: The decrease in the suicide mortality rate in Chile seems to be due to factors unrelated to the implementation of the NSPP, which has also been insufficient. It is necessary to explore these factors in depth as well as to identify the causes that have interfered with a complete implementation of the program.