Effectiveness of household measures for the disinfection of water for human consumption in the context of Santarém, Pará, Amazônia, Brazil
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1
Institute for Collective Health, Western Pará Federal University, Brazil
2
Western Pará Federal University, Brazil
3
Maternal-Child and Public Health Department, Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo, Brazil
Publication date: 2023-04-27
Popul. Med. 2023;5(Supplement):A937
ABSTRACT
Background: In the Amazon region, cities like Santarém, state of Pará, still lack water treatment plants to serve the entire population. In these cities, the water is collected from wells and distributed to the population without treatment. There are also places where the drinking water comes from the Tapajós River on the surface. In this context, disinfection measures for domestic water are important to preserve its potability and avoid undesirable health effects. Objective: The present study experimentally evaluated the effect of household measures on the elimination of Escherichia coli (E.coli) in water samples. The techniques evaluated for this work were: (i) 2.5% sodium hypochlorite; (ii) boiling; (iii) ceramic filter and (iv) sun exposure. The samples were tested, combining different concentrations of E.coli (between 03 and 100 colony forming units/100 mL). Results: The results showed that the household disinfection measures were effective in eliminating E.coli, with the exception of the ceramic filter, where even after filtration, the water samples were positive for E.coli growth. Conclusions: Considering that the distribution of treated water does not reach the majority of the population living in Santarém and also in peri-urban areas such as quilombonas and riverside communities, the use of measures such as 2.5% sodium hypochlorite, boiling and sun exposure can favor health promotion and decrease the occurrence of outbreaks of waterborne diarrheal diseases.