Background and Objectives: Dynapenic abdominal obesity (DAO) is an important marker for assessing nutritional status. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of DAO and to investigate its association with sociodemographic, clinical and nutritional factors in individuals with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 940 individuals undergoing hemodialysis in a metropolitan region in southeastern Brazil. DAO was defined by the combination of the presence of abdominal obesity indicated by the waist-to-height ratio and the reduction in muscle strength measured by handgrip strength. Binary logistic regression was performed to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and their respective confidence intervals (95% CI). Results: DAO was present in 45.4% of the study population. It was found that adult (OR = 3.17; 95% CI 2.35, 4.28; p < 0.001) and overweight individuals (OR = 2.58; 95% CI 1.92, 3.47; p < 0.001) have more chances to present DAO. However, those who had the habit of having their meals outside at home (OR = 0.63; CI 95% 0.47, 0.85; p = 0.003) and who had preserved adductor pollicis muscle thickness (OR = 0.52; 95% CI 0.38, 0.71; p < 0.001) have less chance to develop DAO. Conclusions: DAO can be an important tool for assessing the nutritional status of individuals with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis.