Introduction:
Several recent studies deal with health inequity regarding the access to health services. Is it possible to use emergency room access as an indirect index of health status of the migrant population? What is the status of inequity in the emergency room of Policlinico San Martino, Genoa? Trying to answer these questions was the goal of our study.

Methods:
We retrospectively analyzed the characteristics of 265’341 ED accesses from January 1, 2019 to April 12, 2022. 233’926 were of Italian nationality, whereas 31’415 were foreigners. We then considered only people with a residency in Liguria. They were 247’457, and 24’841 were non-Italian (10% vs. 90%). The median age of the two groups was 38 and 59 years respectively, while the gender composition was similar: 52.9%F and 47.1%M the former and 52%F and 48%M the latter. The analysis shows that 17’647 (71%) people of non-Italian nationality accessed the emergency departement for not-urgent color codes (white and green). All of them were below the median age of the population considered. In comparison, 122’999 (55%) Italians accessed the emergency department for not-urgent complaints. Of these 77’702 (63.2%) were below the median age. Multivariate analysis shows that residents with non-Italian nationality have 4% higher chances than residents with Italian nationality of accessing the emergency room for eye diseases, which is the second most frequent diagnosis out of total accesses (19’406.8%). Similarly, non-Italian women were 30% more likely than Italians to access the emergency room for pregnancy-related complications.

Conclusions:
The results show that a different use of services is a potential indication of health and gender inequity. A qualitative epidemiological analysis should be conducted to study the real causes of this dissimilarity. In the meantime, we will deepen our analysis including additional social and demographic aspects.