Background: The average childbearing age in China has been rising because of the access to tertiary education, competitive pressure and the implementation of the three-child policy. This study aimed to explore the interaction effect of paternal and maternal age on implantation failure in couples following their first cycle of IVF/ICSI treatments. Methods: We examined the data of the Anhui Maternal-Child Health Study (AMCHS). The AMCHS recruited 2042 infertile couples who were physically fit for in vitro fertilisation (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment at the Reproductive Centre of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University during the period of May 2017 to April 2021. This prospective cohort study analysed the data from 1910 cohort couples. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify the effects of male age, female age and their combination on implantation failure. Results: Advanced maternal age was associated with increased implantation failure (P<0.001); compared to 20-25 years, those aged in 35-<40 years had adjusted OR of implantation failure of was 1.38 (1.01-1.89) and in ≥40 years was 3.91 (2.08-7.36)≥40 years. There was evidence of an interaction between maternal age (30-<35 and ≥ 35) and paternal age (≥35) on implantation failure (p<0.05). When the male was ≥35 years, increased maternal age was associated with the risk of implantation failure. Conclusion: There was an additive effect on implantation failure with advanced parental age. The delay of childbearing in both men and women will be a serious public issue that may contribute to a higher risk of implantation failure in patients needing ART.